Looking at heap allocation

A deep dive into heap allocation in modern C++, covering unique_ptr and shared_ptr semantics, the C++23 additions out_ptr and inout_ptr for interfacing with C APIs, the upcoming C++26 value-based wrappers std::polymorphic and std::indirect, custom allocators with allocate_shared, weak_ptr for breaking cyclic references and its aliasing constructor. The author shares a personal anecdote from a 2012 conversation with Sean Parent about how shared_ptr undermines local reasoning by acting like a disguised global variable, and argues unique_ptr should be preferred by default while shared_ptr fits shared/asynchronous contexts like boost::asio callbacks.

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