The 8-pin CPU power cable on modern motherboards is actually two 4-pin cables joined together, a leftover from the Pentium 4 era. The ATX12V spec added a dedicated 4-pin +12V CPU connector when Pentium 4 chips needed more power, separating CPU power from the main connector's 5V rail. The ATX12V 2.0 revision in 2003 evolved this into the 4+4 pin standard, borrowed from server motherboards to handle multicore power needs. This EPS12V design became official with the 2.2 revision around 2005 and still appears unchanged in the modern ATX 3.0 standard. The split let old systems use one 4-pin cable while new systems used both, avoiding a disruptive switch to a rigid 8-pin connector. The 8-pin CPU and GPU cables look alike but have different pinouts, so swapping them can damage hardware.
Source: https://www.xda-developers.com/cpu-power-cable-split-pins-pentium-4-era-leftover. 8 Sync News only summarizes and links out; content copyright belongs to the authors and original sources.
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